Material standard ≠ dimensional standard
A technically complete requirement normally combines a product/material specification, grade, dimensional standard, size, schedule or class, construction, testing, documentation and service conditions.
ENGINEERING REFERENCE LIBRARY
Standards & Grades
A practical buying guide to material specifications, grade families, product forms and the details that must be confirmed before ordering.
20references found
ASTM / ASME · Pipes & TubesASTM A106 / ASME SA106Seamless carbon-steel pipe for high-temperature service
＋
Seamless carbon-steel pipe for high-temperature service
What it covers
Seamless carbon-steel pipe intended for high-temperature service. The purchase description must include grade, NPS, schedule or wall thickness, length, ends and testing.
Common grades
Grade AGrade BGrade C
Product forms
- Seamless pressure pipe
- Hot-finished or cold-drawn supply
Related dimensional / material references
- ASME B36.10M — pipe dimensions
- ASME B31 project piping code
- ASTM A234 WPB — matching butt-weld fittings
Check before ordering
- Grade and manufacturing route
- Schedule / wall thickness
- Hydro or permitted NDE
- MTC and supplementary requirements
ASTM / ASME · Pipes & TubesASTM A312 / ASME SA312Austenitic stainless-steel seamless, welded and heavily cold-worked pipe
＋
Austenitic stainless-steel seamless, welded and heavily cold-worked pipe
What it covers
Stainless-steel pipe for corrosive and high-temperature service in listed austenitic grades and manufacturing routes.
Common grades
TP304TP304LTP316TP316LTP321TP310STP904L
Product forms
- Seamless pipe
- Welded pipe
- Heavily cold-worked pipe
Related dimensional / material references
- ASME B36.19M — stainless pipe dimensions
- ASTM A403 — butt-weld fittings
- ASTM A182 — forged fittings and flanges
Check before ordering
- Exact TP grade and construction
- Schedule and NPS
- Heat treatment and surface condition
- PMI, IGC or supplementary tests
ASTM / ASME · Pipes & TubesASTM A335 / ASME SA335Seamless ferritic alloy-steel pipe for high-temperature service
＋
Seamless ferritic alloy-steel pipe for high-temperature service
What it covers
Chromium-molybdenum and other ferritic alloy pipe used in boiler, power, refinery and high-temperature process systems.
Common grades
P5P9P11P22P91P92
Product forms
- Seamless alloy-steel pipe
- Hot-finished or cold-drawn supply
Related dimensional / material references
- ASTM A234 WP11/WP22/WP91 fittings
- ASTM A182 F11/F22/F91 flanges
- ASME B36.10M dimensions
Check before ordering
- Grade and heat-treatment condition
- Hardness and PMI
- Schedule / wall thickness
- IBR and third-party requirements
API · Pipes & TubesAPI Specification 5LLine pipe for pipeline transportation systems
＋
Line pipe for pipeline transportation systems
What it covers
Seamless and welded steel line pipe for oil, gas, water and related pipeline transportation service.
Common grades
Grade BX42X52X60X65X70
Product forms
- Seamless line pipe
- ERW / HFW line pipe
- SAW / LSAW / spiral line pipe
Related dimensional / material references
- ISO 3183 — line pipe
- Project pipeline code and data sheet
- Coating specification where applicable
Check before ordering
- PSL1 or PSL2
- Pipe body and delivery condition
- Diameter, wall and end finish
- Impact, sour-service and NDT requirements
BIS / IS · Pipes & TubesIS 1239Steel tubes, tubulars and fittings for water, gas and ordinary service
＋
Steel tubes, tubulars and fittings for water, gas and ordinary service
What it covers
Indian standard commonly used for mild-steel tubes and related tubular products in light, medium and heavy classes.
Common grades
Light ClassMedium ClassHeavy Class
Product forms
- Black or galvanized steel tubes
- Screwed/socketed or plain-end supply
- Tubular fittings under applicable part
Related dimensional / material references
- IS 554 — pipe threads
- Project coating / galvanizing requirement
- Applicable IS 1239 part
Check before ordering
- Part number and class
- Nominal bore and end type
- Black or galvanized finish
- Hydraulic test and marking
BIS / IS · Pipes & TubesIS 3589Steel pipes for water, sewage and industrial service
＋
Steel pipes for water, sewage and industrial service
What it covers
Large-diameter steel pipes for water, sewage, gas and selected industrial applications, typically manufactured by welded routes.
Common grades
Fe 330Fe 410
Product forms
- ERW / HFW pipe
- SAW pipe
- Spiral welded pipe
Related dimensional / material references
- Project lining and coating specification
- IS 5504 / project flange requirements
- Approved welding and inspection plan
Check before ordering
- Grade, OD and wall thickness
- Manufacturing route
- Hydrostatic and NDT scope
- Internal lining and external coating
ASTM / ASME · Butt-Weld FittingsASTM A234 / ASME SA234Wrought carbon and alloy-steel piping fittings
＋
Wrought carbon and alloy-steel piping fittings
What it covers
Factory-made wrought carbon- and alloy-steel fittings for moderate and elevated-temperature pressure piping.
Common grades
WPBWPCWP11WP22WP91
Product forms
- Elbows
- Tees and crosses
- Reducers
- Caps and other wrought fittings
Related dimensional / material references
- ASME B16.9 — dimensions
- ASME B16.28 — short-radius fittings
- ASTM A106 / A335 matching pipe families
Check before ordering
- Grade and class designation
- Seamless or welded construction
- Schedule / matching wall
- Heat treatment and NDE
ASTM / ASME · Butt-Weld FittingsASTM A403 / ASME SA403Wrought austenitic stainless-steel piping fittings
＋
Wrought austenitic stainless-steel piping fittings
What it covers
Wrought stainless-steel fittings for pressure piping, supplied in material grades and fitting classes that identify construction and inspection.
Common grades
WP304WP304LWP316WP316LWP321WP347
Product forms
- Seamless fittings
- Welded fittings
- Elbows, tees, reducers, caps and stub ends
Related dimensional / material references
- ASME B16.9 — dimensions
- MSS SP-43 — light-wall fittings
- ASTM A312 — matching pipe
Check before ordering
- Grade and fitting class
- Seamless / welded requirement
- Schedule and dimensional standard
- PMI, IGC and surface finish
ASME · Butt-Weld FittingsASME B16.9Factory-made wrought butt-welding fittings
＋
Factory-made wrought butt-welding fittings
What it covers
Dimensions, tolerances, ratings, testing and marking for factory-made wrought butt-welding fittings.
Common grades
Material specified separately
Product forms
- Long-radius and short-radius elbows
- Tees and crosses
- Concentric / eccentric reducers
- Caps and returns
Related dimensional / material references
- ASTM A234 — carbon/alloy material
- ASTM A403 — stainless material
- MSS SP-43 — selected light-wall fittings
Check before ordering
- Nominal size and fitting type
- Schedule or matching wall
- Material specification and grade
- Seamless / welded construction
ASME · Forged FittingsASME B16.11Forged socket-welding and threaded fittings
＋
Forged socket-welding and threaded fittings
What it covers
Dimensions, ratings, tolerances and marking for forged socket-weld and threaded fittings.
Common grades
Material specified separately
Product forms
- Elbows and tees
- Couplings and unions
- Caps, plugs and bushes
Related dimensional / material references
- ASTM A105 — carbon-steel forgings
- ASTM A182 — stainless/alloy forgings
- ASME B1.20.1 — NPT threads
Check before ordering
- Socket-weld or threaded type
- Class 2000 / 3000 / 6000 / 9000 as applicable
- NPT or specified thread
- Material grade and size
ASTM / ASME · Flanges & ForgingsASTM A105 / ASME SA105Carbon-steel forgings for piping applications
＋
Carbon-steel forgings for piping applications
What it covers
Forged carbon-steel components such as flanges, forged fittings and valves for pressure systems.
Common grades
A105A105N when normalized condition is specified
Product forms
- Flanges
- Forged fittings
- Valve and pressure-component forgings
Related dimensional / material references
- ASME B16.5 / B16.47 — flange dimensions
- ASME B16.11 — forged fitting dimensions
- MSS SP-97 — branch outlets
Check before ordering
- Heat-treatment requirement
- Flange type, class and facing
- Impact test / low-temperature needs
- UT, hardness and supplementary tests
ASTM / ASME · Flanges & ForgingsASTM A182 / ASME SA182Alloy and stainless-steel forged or rolled piping parts
＋
Alloy and stainless-steel forged or rolled piping parts
What it covers
Forged or rolled alloy- and stainless-steel flanges, fittings, valves and parts for pressure systems.
Common grades
F304 / F304LF316 / F316LF11 / F22 / F91F51 / F53 / F55
Product forms
- Flanges
- Forged fittings
- Valve parts and rings
Related dimensional / material references
- ASME B16.5 / B16.47
- ASME B16.11
- MSS SP-97
Check before ordering
- Exact grade and class
- Heat treatment
- PMI / ferrite / corrosion tests
- Flange dimensions, facing and pressure class
ASME · Flanges & ForgingsASME B16.5Pipe flanges and flanged fittings through NPS 24
＋
Pipe flanges and flanged fittings through NPS 24
What it covers
Dimensions, ratings, materials, tolerances, marking and testing for pipe flanges and flanged fittings in listed sizes and classes.
Common grades
Material specified separately
Product forms
- Weld-neck
- Slip-on
- Blind
- Socket-weld
- Threaded
- Lap-joint
Related dimensional / material references
- ASTM A105 / A182 material specifications
- ASME B16.20 / B16.21 gaskets
- ASME B16.47 for selected larger sizes
Check before ordering
- NPS and pressure class
- Flange type and facing
- Bore / schedule for weld-neck
- Material grade and dimensional edition
ASME · Flanges & ForgingsASME B16.47Large-diameter steel flanges
＋
Large-diameter steel flanges
What it covers
Large-diameter steel flanges in Series A and Series B patterns for sizes beyond the common B16.5 range.
Common grades
Material specified separately
Product forms
- Weld-neck flanges
- Blind flanges
Related dimensional / material references
- ASTM A105 / A182 material specifications
- ASME B16.20 gasket dimensions
- Project bolting specification
Check before ordering
- Series A or Series B
- NPS, class and facing
- Bore / wall thickness
- Material and bolt-hole pattern
ASTM / ASME · FastenersASTM A193 / ASME SA193Alloy and stainless-steel bolting for high-temperature or high-pressure service
＋
Alloy and stainless-steel bolting for high-temperature or high-pressure service
What it covers
Bolting materials for pressure vessels, valves, flanges and fittings in elevated-temperature, high-pressure or special-purpose service.
Common grades
B7B7MB8B8MB16
Product forms
- Stud bolts
- Threaded rod
- Bolts
Related dimensional / material references
- ASTM A194 — matching nuts
- ASME B16.5 flange joints
- ASTM F436 / project washer specification
Check before ordering
- Grade and class
- Diameter, thread series and length
- Nut grade
- Coating and service restrictions
ASTM / ASME · Plates, Sheets & CoilsASTM A240 / ASME SA240Chromium and chromium-nickel stainless plate, sheet and strip
＋
Chromium and chromium-nickel stainless plate, sheet and strip
What it covers
Stainless-steel flat products for pressure vessels, general applications and fabrication.
Common grades
304 / 304L316 / 316L310S321904LS31803 / S32205S32750
Product forms
- Hot-rolled plate
- Cold-rolled sheet
- Coil and strip
Related dimensional / material references
- ASME Section II material adoption
- ASTM A480 general requirements
- Project finish and fabrication specification
Check before ordering
- Type / UNS grade
- Thickness and dimensions
- Finish and edge condition
- PMI, IGC, UT or flatness requirements
ASTM / ASME · Plates, Sheets & CoilsASTM A516 / ASME SA516Carbon-steel pressure-vessel plate for moderate and lower-temperature service
＋
Carbon-steel pressure-vessel plate for moderate and lower-temperature service
What it covers
Carbon-steel plates primarily intended for welded pressure vessels where improved notch toughness may be important.
Common grades
Grade 55Grade 60Grade 65Grade 70
Product forms
- Pressure-vessel plate
- Normalized plate when specified or required
Related dimensional / material references
- ASTM A20 general requirements
- ASME Section VIII design code
- Project impact and UT requirements
Check before ordering
- Grade and thickness
- Normalized condition
- Impact-test temperature
- UT level and supplementary requirements
BIS / IS · Structural SteelIS 2062Hot-rolled medium and high-tensile structural steel
＋
Hot-rolled medium and high-tensile structural steel
What it covers
Indian structural-steel plates, sections, flats and related hot-rolled products for welded and general engineering structures.
Common grades
E250E300E350E410E450
Product forms
- Plates and sheets
- Angles, channels and beams
- Flats and structural products
Related dimensional / material references
- IS 808 — section dimensions
- Project welding specification
- Applicable product tolerances
Check before ordering
- Grade, quality/subgrade and thickness
- Impact requirement
- Killed / semi-killed condition as applicable
- Dimensions and mill test certificate
ASTM / ASME · Duplex & Special AlloysASTM A790 / ASME SA790Seamless and welded ferritic/austenitic stainless-steel pipe
＋
Seamless and welded ferritic/austenitic stainless-steel pipe
What it covers
Duplex and super-duplex stainless pipe for general corrosive service, supplied seamless or welded in listed UNS grades.
Common grades
UNS S31803UNS S32205UNS S32750UNS S32760
Product forms
- Seamless duplex pipe
- Welded duplex pipe
Related dimensional / material references
- ASTM A815 — fittings
- ASTM A182 F51/F53/F55 — flanges
- ASTM A923 — selected intermetallic-phase tests
Check before ordering
- UNS grade and construction
- Heat treatment
- Ferrite and corrosion testing
- NDT, hydro and PMI
ASTM / ASME · Duplex & Special AlloysASTM B444 / ASME SB444Nickel-chromium-molybdenum-columbium alloy pipe and tube
＋
Nickel-chromium-molybdenum-columbium alloy pipe and tube
What it covers
Seamless pipe and tube in nickel alloy UNS N06625 and related grades for severe corrosion and high-temperature applications.
Common grades
UNS N06625UNS N06852
Product forms
- Seamless pipe
- Seamless tube
Related dimensional / material references
- ASTM B366 — nickel-alloy fittings
- ASTM B564 — forgings and flanges
- ASME B36.19M / purchase dimensions as applicable
Check before ordering
- Grade and product form
- Condition / heat treatment
- Dimensions and tolerances
- PMI, NDT and corrosion requirements
Example ASTM A403 WP316L+Dimensions ASME B16.9+Requirement 4" SCH 40S seamless elbow